3. Those who advocate for one tribes supremacy over others should be warned and potentially sanctioned. Thus, the law is no longer acting as a deterrent. These migrants which are mostly young men are some of the perpetrators of crime in the country. Threats likely to cause a declaration of the state of emergency include armed action against the state (such as a coup d'etat), financial crisis, epidemics, natural disasters, or external attacks. It could also result in the loss of capital through the burning of business buildings and properties. These unexpected failures can be dangerous and might cause greater damage to health, safety as well as working environment. We must strive to get to a level where crimes will be nipped in the bud before they are perpetuated. EM usually guides technicians to take preventive measures to prevent system from greater damages. 13. In addition, some firms have shifted their operations to other countries like Ghana which is deemed to be more peaceful. International monitors witnessed widespread vote box theft in 2007, and while the situation improved in 2011, ballot-rigging remained widespread. Abstract. Being your own boss pays better than anything else. there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria The last is when. In June, the rate of severe acute malnutrition was 19 per cent among children - the emergency threshold is 3 per cent. 22. If we scored ourselves so low like this, how can we be rated any better by foreigners? Civilians in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad and Niger continue to be affected by grave violations of human rights, widespread sexual and gender-based violence, forced recruitment and suicide bombings. Nigeria is the largest black nation in the world, with a current population estimated to be over 200 million. Non-indigenes especially Igbos and Yorubas have to return to their home states before they are killed by Boko Haram. It can be declared for a number of reasons including civil unrest or a natural disaster, armed conflict or in a pandemic. Your email address will not be published. Nigeria once Africas largest economy continues its downward trend due to coronavirus issues, Banditry, Endsars, and other security vices. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is usually investment targeted at building new factories or investing in actual production activities which create jobs. State governments work with insurers to offer programs that can provide insurance for these individuals. This can be an important part of emergency management and the benefits of a state of emergency often include opening up resources that will benefit communities impacted by the emergency situation. Corruption manifests itself in a variety of ways and infiltrates all political and economic organizations. Buhari declared winner of Nigeria's Presidential Elections. Similarly, in software engineering, there are certain situations that require immediate actions. A group of terrorist invades the town meanwhile Smith (Saint Obi) identifies them as former members of squared twelve in the military: Their mission is to disrupt the peace in the nation through. The governors of Nigeria's 36 states have resolved to declare a state of emergency on rape following a spate of sexual violence against women, according to the Nigerian Governor's Forum (NGF). Nigeria runs a federal system a situation where the federating units are expected to enjoy autonomy. Fikayo Olowolagba. Published. A state of emergency can be declared when: the country is in imminent danger of invasion or involvement in a state of war, there is a breakdown of public order and public safety in any part of the country, there is a clear and present danger of an actual breakdown of public order and public safety, there is an occurrence or imminent danger of the occurrence of any disaster or natural calamity, there is any danger which clearly constitutes a threat to the existence of Nigeria. In the latest violence, 53 people were killed and 13. Corruption has been a big issue in Nigeria for quite some time. About 1.5% of its territory is covered by water. Generally, if there is no peace and security, it is extremely difficult for businesses to survive. Nigerian troops, aided by troops from Niger and Chad burst into the town looking for guerrillas. A particular feature of the current state of emergency is the unusually large number of persons that have been detained as a result of it: These include high civil servants, prominent business people, religious leaders, trade unionists and other civic leaders. According to a source, the females were between the ages of 17 and 18. The EiEWG Nigeria is chaired by the Federal Ministry of Education or by the State Ministry of Education (And SUBEBs) at the state levels and co-chaired by UNICEF and Save the Children International. Failure of successive administrations in Nigeria to address challenges of poverty, unemployment, and inequitable distribution of wealth among ethnic nationalities is one of the major causes of insecurity in the country. Best businesses to start with N100k in Nigeria and be successful, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria, Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa, Countries with the best justice system in the world 2022, Effects of Unemployment On Individuals and the society, Problems of the Nigerian educational system, How to buy land in Nigeria: Important documents you will need, Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet, Best Programming Languages for Artificial Intelligence. A resolution must also be passed by two-thirds of the members of both houses. In addition, Nigeria has consistently ranked low in the Global Peace Index (GPI, 2012), signifying a worsened state of insecurity in the country. Struggle for power and Politics. Nigerias Gross Domestic Product (GDP) has been growing at a slow pace in recent years. To ensure all this, there must be incentives, good conditions of service, and social security. They apply for jobs, but owing to a lack of credentials, they are not hired. March 30, 2022. Despite being neighbors, the mostly Muslim north and predominantly Christian south were never united until 1914. Beyond these, it also limits sources of funds to the business. 11. Reconsider travel to Nigeria due to crime, terrorism, civil unrest, kidnapping, and maritime crime. Social media anxiety disorder is related to social anxiety, a mental illness which happens when social media affects the mental and physical health of a person, causing one to feel inadequate, jealous, incompetent and unsatisfied. Rural/Urban Drift The migration of jobless youths from rural areas to urban centers is also one of the causes of insecurity in Nigeria. According to Chris Aluta, insecurity is defined as the state of fear or anxiety, stemming from a concrete or alleged lack of protection. It refers to a lack of or inadequate freedom from danger. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! This situation has the damaging consequence of giving a signal to the international community that Nigeria is not a safe and secure place and as such not suitable for investment and business activities. In his view, security engagement cannot be separated from good governance. As such, workers resign to run away from such areas and fresh people do not want to go there for employment. The implication is manpower shortage for the business which ultimately affects the success and survival of the business. It can also lead to temporary suspension of the democratic order and pave the way for the ascendancy of anti-democratic forces. For example, a person can be too high of a risk to be desirable to standard insurance providers. Finance Insecurity also increases security spending by business organizations. Searches can be conducted without a warrant, suspects can be arrested and detained without being charged, special laws can be enacted to punish those who flout the emergency rules, quasi-judicial bodies can be set up to try offenders, rights to lawful assembly and freedom of expression and communication can be restricted, the Nigerian government can decide to take over the executive and legislative functions of the affected state, destruction and confiscation of private property without compensation to the victims. Evidently, there has been a decline in foreign direct investment in Nigeria. The consistent pattern of post damage responses to national security has been attributed to the dearth of pre-emptive intelligence among security personnel. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! This effort will enhance the operational capabilities of the Nigerian security agencies by identifying avenues that would enable them to respond appropriately to internal security challenges and other threats. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. It is the cause of inequality and inequitable distribution of the nations wealth among its citizens, a situation that is the root cause of disaffection among Nigerians. With the lingering security challenges and the inability of the security apparatus of the government to guarantee safety and security in the country, the question that borders everyone in Nigeria today is can there be security? Is the security of lives and properties achievable? Nigeria was the 33rd most corrupt country in 2013, mathematically. Education in Nigeria is a major challenge. The Socio-Economic Development-This factor is strongly considered as the major key to peace and security in Nigeria. In Nigeria, election tampering is not uncommon. Lack of institutional capacity resulting in government failure described as the corrosion or breakdown of institutional infrastructures. 0]&AD 8>\`\fx_?W ^a-+Mwj3zCa"C\W0#]dQ^)6=2De4b.eTD*}LqAHmc0|xp.8g.,),Zm> PK ! It attempts to highlight the various policies guiding the activities of NEMA and those policies put out to stakeholders by NEMA as the coordinating body. . Attending school provides you with extra information, allowing you to become an educated tailor, baker, or shoemaker, for example. Corruption: Many of Nigerias issues are caused by corruption. This digital currency will promote financial inclusion, meaning those who are unbanked can get easier and safer access to money on their mobile phones. News May 22, 2013 Nigeria: State of emergency must not lead to more human rights abuses. There is an unspoken belief that ethnic majority dominate the affairs of the country, which makes minorities feel like second-class citizens in their own country, not for any fault of their own, but just because they are few. Why eNaira? Foreign investors in the Nigerian economy are moving away from starting new companies or production plants and are buying up shares of quoted companies instead. K= 7 ! The history of State of Emergency in Nigerian politics began in 1962 when large-scale irregularities in the. The countrys annual profits have decreased, significantly impacting the countrys population. Even if they have suspended operations for the time being, their actions have drastically reduced crude oil output in the country. In addition, there should be a complete overhaul of the security institutions in the country to reflect international standards of best practices so as to pre-empt these security breaches. This does not even take into account the country's . According to the UN's Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), 244,000 children are suffering from acute malnutrition in Borno state and on average 134 die every day from this. Recommended: Problems of the Nigerian educational system. Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey 2013, Abuja, Nigeria, and Rockville, Maryland, USA: NPC and ICF International. We contend that when there is widespread insecurity, it could affect business investment, the entire business organization, or some aspects of its operations which include production, marketing, finance, and human resource (H/R). These vague and two-line solutions proffered to the mountain of problems are insufficient to shed light on the way forward, they {solutions} seem better said than done! The isolated cases of arson, killings and destruction of public and private properties do not threaten the survival or national security of Nigeria. They impose restrictions on peoples rights and freedoms. Stealing was considered extremely disgraceful and lives were also highly valued). The Yorubas have had a history of political racality, which is well known throughout Nigeria. Nigerians and foreign watchdog groups describe accounts of candidates using thugs to steal ballot boxes and threaten voters during elections. Oil spills deplete soil microorganisms and nutrients, which impacts Delta fishing and farming communities as well as the broader economy. Recommended: Causes, Effects and Solutions to Brain Drain in Nigeria. K= 7 ! In addition, the countrys GDP fell by -13.4 percent in the first quarter of 2018. Infrastructure: Following other issues such as Boko Haram, infrastructure may appear to be a minor concern, but how can a country advance without a steady power supply? Hmmmmmm true talk, may the Lord restore our country and guides our leaders to lead us well. This is because corruption affects practically all Nigerians on a daily basis, not only crooked politicians. Without a reliable road system, business suffers. They apply for employment but are not recruited due to a lack of qualifications. It focuses on the emotional and psychological sense of belonging to a social group that can offer one protection). It is heartbreaking to learn that the government, which was established to strengthen the country and combat corruption, is taking from its citizens. Problems hindering the economy development of Nigeria. As name suggests, it is a serious and unexpected situation that is required to be immediately solved. Nigeria must continue to upgrade its infrastructure as well as improve its health and primary education. Thus, instead of being national watchdogs and defending national interest and values, and protecting people from harm by criminals, they soon become saboteurs of government effort by supporting and fuelling insecurity through either leaking vital security information or aiding and abetting criminals to acquire weapons or to escape the long arm of the law. In many cases, security personnel assigned to deal with given security situations lack the expertise and equipment to handle the situations in a way to prevents them from occurring. As mentioned above, a lack of preparation can . ppt/slides/_rels/slide15.xml.rels k; 7 ! In fact, it generally reduces lifespan of equipment. Nigerian authorities must not use the state of emergency imposed in the north of the country as an excuse to commit human rights violations, Amnesty International urged today as the military continued its assault on Islamist armed group Boko Haram.Several people have reportedly been killed and hundreds . This has made national security threat to be a major issue for the government and has prompted a huge allocation of the national budget to security. 25/03/2020. Quantitative data was obtained using . , 8 [Content_Types].xml ( n0'"Nn"RCpmXy$ The organization has kidnapped children and murdered Christians across the country. Every year, 200,000 students graduate from college, but many struggles to find jobs and turn to less-than-honorable means of sustenance. This generated heated debate about the legitimacy of declaring a state of emergency. Many lives have been sacrificed as a result of land ownership disputes, and many more are likely to be lost until these concerns are resolved once and for all. In all parts of Nigeria, there exist ethnoreligious conflicts and these according to him, have emerged as a result of new and particularistic forms of political consciousness and identity often structured around ethnoreligious identities. SECURITY CHALLENGES IN NIGERIA AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. The possibility of federal government taking over the affairs of the state explains why no state governor has ever requested the president to proclaim a state of emergency in their state. Violence is being perpetrated in northern Nigeria by a group known as Boko Haram, which is fighting for a state-controlled by Sharia Law. Nigerias multi-ethnic character has many advantages as well as disadvantages ethnicity issues in Nigeria. Diseases like HIV/AIDS have also been a major problem that has cost the government billions of dollars to address. The conditions are set out in Nigerias 1999 constitution. Our law enforcement agencies must therefore be incorruptible and fair. Out of frustration, these youths are drawn into crime. He mentioned that the crime rate in Nigeria is extremely high. Ethnicity: Nigeria, Africas colossus, is the worlds most populated black country. One of main advantages of emergency maintenance is that there is no initial planning involved so initial cost involved to maintain equipment before failure occurrence is safe. The powers to declare a state of emergency is contained in section 305 of the 1999 constitution (as amended). Due to the impact of insecurity on businesses, we support the proposition that the government must ensure the availability of public security at all times. K= 7 ppt/slides/_rels/slide6.xml.rels The challenge in solving the insecurity problem in Nigeria is to accelerate the pace of development. g. Since we are all aware of our economys job dilemma, everyone should strive for a back up plan. If there are no jobs in the economy, try to create some. Nigeria is estimated to host over 70 percent of about 8 million illegal weapons in West Africa. We must all take a stance to expose corruption and tell the truth about issues that affect our environment. The government can abuse the emergency powers. 4. Apart from the absence of qualified personnel and relevant ambulance equipment, sustainability is an issue.4 Most government ambulance services started and then quickly collapsed when the. . To overcome insecurity there is a need for intelligence gathering and surveillance so that law enforcement agents could be proactive and reasonably predict potential crime with near-perfect accuracy rather than being reactive. But no matter what, one has to plan to overcome such emergency situations. ppt/slides/_rels/slide12.xml.rels This might result in delays in production, decrease in product quality, increase labor costs, etc. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed to assess availability of each of the aforementioned subgroups of resuscitation devices and drugs, in each primary and secondary healthcare facility in all eighteen (18) Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Cross River State, in Southern Nigeria. Nigeria has lost large numbers of lives in the Northern region since 2009 to the insurgency of this infamous sect, Boko Haram which has been ravaging the northern region of the country. The spread of illness is aided by improperly dumped waste. 49. Lastly, state insurance departments assist in making insurance available to consumers. The state of insecurity in Nigeria is greatly a function of government failure or can be linked to government failure. All of these values which made society secured and safe have all gradually been thrown away and lost. Nigeria ratified the Siracusa Principles. It was the first time the inflation rate has risen since it began to fall in January 2017, when it hit a 12-year high of 18.7%. Such that there is the temptation to lose sight of the fact that such a declaration can also arise due to natural disasters and calamity as provided for under section 305(3)(e). The problem of Amalgamation: The British colonial authorities constructed Nigeria as a geographical place to make administration easier. This is particularly true in Nigeria where the role of the legislature and judiciary are constantly undermined and influenced by the executive. "Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the President may by instrument published in the Official Gazette of the Government of the Federation issue a Proclamation of a state of emergency in the Federation or any part thereof". Most urban areas in Nigeria have grown beyond their environmental carrying capacities and existing infrastructure and this has resulted in increased poor quality of the living conditions in urban areas in Nigeria. Your email address will not be published. k; 7 ! Located in western Africa and bordered by Cameroon, Chad, Benin, and Niger, Nigeria occupies a land mass of approximately 924,000 km 2 (357,000 mi 2 ), about twice the size of California. Under emergency rule, the government enjoys wide powers which infringe on human rights and fundamental freedoms. But in Nigeria, The federal government controls about 80 percent of the resources in the country, leaving the state and local government at its mercy. In order to facilitate this collaboration, Memoranda of Understanding have been signed by several United Nations agencies; these agreements aim to clarify roles and responsibilities in emergency relief and rehabilitation programmes, and outline commitments to joint activities within agency competencies. Members of the Niger-Delta militants have reintroduced the use of weaponry in expressing their grievances. The state of insecurity in the country besides the issue of lack of regular electricity supply, which itself is a source of economic insecurity in the country is repelling investors. Even if you dont live in Nigeria, youve probably heard of Boko Harams kidnappings of hundreds of children, predominantly girls, from schools and communities in northern Nigeria in 2014. Nigeria reported the country's . Usually, the brakes come on at the last second before contact is made with the incoming object. 200,000 students graduate from colleges each year, yet many struggles to find work and others resort to less-than-honorable ways of subsistence. 3.2. emergency management in nigeria: history and current situation 52 3.3. emergency response organisations in nigeria 53 3.4. correlation between emergency management stakeholders in nigeria 59 3.5. government and law-making structure for disaster management in nigeria 61 3.5.1. the national disaster management framework (ndmf) in nigeria 63 3.6. Donate now Everyones main priority is not to deal with such type of maintenance. One of the general principles is that any decision about an emergency must be done in good faith. An earlier version of this article appeared in The Guardian newspaper of March 2, 2004 under the title "The State of Emergency Conjecture". The process of developing visionary leadership can be challenging, but however, it can be overcome by using institutions of the Nigerian constitution as a nursery ground to produce leaders with national outlook and with a missionary zeal to transform the nation. NGC implodes : Dr . This is a rooted general perception of inequality and unfairness which has resulted in a grievance by a large number of people. Required fields are marked *. A nationwide state of national emergency was declared on 25 March 2020 at 12:21pm due to COVID-19 and was extended six times. 1. Also, this avenue was used to pay tributes to the late Chairman of Protection plus Services limited and Director of the Nigeria South Africa Chamber of Commerce, Dr. Ubong King. f. The educational sector should receive enough funding. 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