In 1942, he was named Minister of Armaments and Munitions, assuming significant responsibility for the German war economy. Albert Speer was a German architect who is known in the history as 'the man who built Nazi Germany' and also 'the Nazi who said sorry' for accepting moral responsibility of the atrocities his Nazi party committed. [155] In addition to the myth that he was an apolitical technocrat, he claimed he did not have full knowledge of the Holocaust or the persecution of the Jews. In the World War II, Hitler appointed him as the Minister of Armaments and War Production for Germany. "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. In the summer of 1942 Paulus advanced toward Stalingrad with 250,000 men, 500 tanks, 7,000 guns and mortars, and 25,000 horses. It had been edited by Wolters and made no mention of the Jews. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . [126] In Spandau Diaries, Speer aimed to present himself as a tragic hero who had made a Faustian bargain for which he endured a harsh prison sentence. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding . FRANKFURT Albert Speer Jr., an internationally prominent architect who sought throughout his life to distance himself from the dark legacy of his father, a member of Adolf . This movie is based on Speer's autobiography of the same name. [6] He followed in the footsteps of his father and grandfather and studied architecture. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". Study now. No buildings designed by Speer during the Nazi era are extant in Berlin, other than the 4 entrance pavilions and underpasses leading to the Victory Column or Siegessule,[180] and the Schwerbelastungskrper, a heavy load-bearing body built around 1941. It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi . [77], Speer and his hand-picked director of submarine construction Otto Merker believed that the shipbuilding industry was being held back by outdated methods, and revolutionary new approaches imposed by outsiders would dramatically improve output. Using misleading statistics, he promoted himself as having performed an armaments miracle that was widely credited with keeping Germany in the war. While dozens of submarines were built, few ever entered service. [71] Speer and Sauckel cooperated closely to meet Speer's labor demands. [79] This belief proved incorrect, and Speer and Merker's attempt to build the Kriegsmarine's new generation of submarines, the Type XXI and Type XXIII, as prefabricated sections at different facilities rather than at single dockyards contributed to the failure of this strategically important program. Despite this opposition, the two married in Berlin on 28 August 1928; seven years elapsed before Margarete was invited to stay at her in-laws' home. She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. [168] Speer also falsely claimed that he had realised the war was lost at an early stage, and thereafter worked to preserve the resources needed for the civilian population's survival. I knew that these must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated. [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. [155] Isabell Trommer writes in her biography of Speer that Fest and Siedler were co-authors of Speer's memoirs and co-creators of his myths. [53] Speer's offices undertook building work for each branch of the military, and for the SS, using slave labor. [179], Little remains of Speer's personal architectural works, other than the plans and photographs. Stars Laurence Olivier Averell Harriman Albert Speer See production, box office & company info Search on Amazon search for Blu-ray and DVD Add to Watchlist 120 User reviews 5 Critic reviews Top rated TV #14 By Dorothy . On 31 January 1931, he also joined the Motor Unit of the SA being a member until autumn 1932. Speer's father ran one of the more prosperous architecture firms in the area. [64] Another factor that produced the boom in ammunition was the policy of allocating more coal to the steel industry. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. [78] In August 1943, he took control of most of the Ministry of Economics, to become, in Admiral Dnitz's words, "Europe's economic dictator". Albert Speer (fdt Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer den 19. marts 1905 i Mannheim, dd 1. september 1981 i London) var en tysk arkitekt, der under 2. verdenskrig var rustningsminister (Reichsminister fr Bewaffnung und Munition) i Nazi-Tyskland.Lnge inden ministerudnvnelsen havde Speer vret Adolf Hitlers foretrukne arkitekt.. Speer blev medlem af nazistpartiet i 1931. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. [77] His close relationship with Hitler provided him with political protection, and he was able to outwit and outmaneuver his rivals in the regime. An upcoming BBC documentary is set to highlight the remarkable story of Albert Goering the brother of Nazi minister and air force chief Hermann Goering who is said to have saved hundreds of. It was used for Nazi propaganda rallies and can be seen in Leni Riefenstahl's propaganda film Triumph of the Will. [83] His political rivals used the opportunity to undermine his authority and damage his reputation with Hitler. He also cites the use of the V-2 as a terror weapon, rather than continued development of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket. Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. Feigned repentance at Nuremberg, saving his own neck. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen Speer did not act on the request until mid-January 1943. Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. Inside the Third Reich begins with an account of Speer's childhood, followed by a description of his role as Heinrich Tessenow's assistant at the Technical University of Berlin. "[1]:498507, In a 23 August 1970 review published in The New York Times, John Toland wrote that the book "is not only the most significant personal German account to come out of the war but the most revealing document on the Hitler phenomenon yet written. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer (/ p r /; German: [pe] (); 19 March 1905 - 1 September 1981) was a German architect who served as the Minister of Armaments and War Production in Nazi Germany during most of World War II.A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison.. An architect by training, Speer joined the . The complicated architecture of Albert Speer, Jr. From being the son of a Nazi to becoming one of the world's foremost architects, this 82-year-old urban planner has been on top of the German planning world for more than half a century. [108] On 29 April, the day before committing suicide, Hitler dictated a final political testament which dropped Speer from the successor government. [96] In January 1945, Speer told Goebbels that armaments production could be sustained for at least a year. Little remains of his personal architectural work. He was more forthright in an interview with William Hamsher in which he said he joined the party in order to save "Germany from Communism". [163] By 1999, historians had amply demonstrated that Speer had lied extensively. After serving. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. While they were there his friend, Nazi Party official Karl Hanke recommended the young architect to Joseph Goebbels to help renovate the Party's Berlin headquarters. [148] In October 1973, he made his first trip to Britain, flying to London to be interviewed on the BBC Midweek programme. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. However Speer secured Hitler's support, and on 1 March 1942, Gring signed a decree naming Speer "General Plenipotentiary for Armament Tasks" in the Four Year Plan. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). Founded in 1999. [58] Characteristically Hitler did not give Speer any clear remit; he was left to fight his contemporaries in the regime for power and control. Werner Heisenberg told Speer "the scientific solution had already been found and that theoretically nothing stood in the way of building such a bomb." [5] Speer was active in sports, taking up skiing and mountaineering. Post [1]:55,71,7879,83,105,115116,138,188,651,674,696, Starting in April 1942, Speer became aware of the potential of German nuclear research in developing, in his words, "a weapon which could annihilate whole cities." He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. Instead, development turned to a "uranium motor", for use in the navy's submarines. Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. A speech by Albert Speer (there is an account of this speech in Albert Speer, Erinnerungen [Berlin, 1969], p. 325) was followed by speeches of his deputies: Willy Schliecker, the expert on American rearmament; Walther Rohland, the head of Panzer production; Karl Frydag, who was in charge of aircraft building; and Otto Merker, who was . On 23 May, two weeks after the surrender of German forces, British troops arrested the members of the Flensburg Government and brought Nazi Germany to a formal end. His formal title was changed on 2 September 1943, to "Reich Minister for Armaments and War Production". Instead, he issued the "Nero Decree" on 19 March, which called for the destruction of all infrastructure as the army retreated. [93] He opposed the assassination attempt against Hitler on 20 July 1944. The idea for this myth came to him after he recalled the panic when car fumes came through an air ventilation system. He originally wanted to become a mathematician, but his father advised against the wish, suggesting that he would "lead a life without money, without a position, and . Albert Speer Jr. was born on July 29, 1934, one year after Hitler had consolidated power in Germany. Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and fruit trees. The Speer houses are on the right side. The manuscript led to two books: first Erinnerungen ("Recollections") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1969), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1970 as Inside the Third Reich; then as Spandauer Tagebcher ("Spandau Diaries") (Propylen/Ullstein, 1975), which was translated into English and published by Macmillan in 1976 as Spandau: The Secret Diaries. [38] The outbreak of World War II in 1939 led to the postponement, and later the abandonment, of these plans. [99] During January and February, Speer claimed that his ministry would deliver "decisive weapons" and a large increase in armaments production which would "bring about a dramatic change on the battlefield". Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. After joining the Nazi Party in 1930, Speer became Adolf Hitler's personal architect. The task force was established by 1 March 1944, orders of Speer, with support from Erhard Milch of the Reich Aviation Ministry. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . [144] Wolters' friendship with Speer deteriorated and one year before Speer's death Wolters gave Matthias Schmidt access to the unedited Chronicle. [155] Speer was photographed with slave laborers at Mauthausen concentration camp during a visit on 31 March 1943; he also visited Gusen concentration camp. [147], Speer made himself widely available to historians and other enquirers. In September 1945, he was told that he would be tried for war crimes, and several days later, he was moved to Nuremberg and incarcerated there. Speer states he became hopeful when Hitler explained how communism could be checked and Germany could recover economically. like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . I'd like to know more about his life; all I know is that he was inside Stalingrad's. [73] Sauckel obtained new workers often using the most brutal methods. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. After he failed to do so, his father gave him a part-time job as manager of his properties. He coveted control of the production of armaments for the Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine as well. [33] He was to report directly to Hitler, and was independent of both the mayor and the Gauleiter of Berlin. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. A dramatization of the life of Albert Speer (Rutger Hauer), Adolf Hitler's (Sir Derek Jacobi's) young architect and one-time confidant, and his meteoric rise into the Nazi hierarchy. [14] The couple would have six children together, but Albert Speer grew increasingly distant from his family after 1933. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. After one of these briefings, Hitler invited Speer to lunch, to the architect's great excitement. Thanks! Before that, Speer worked as the chief architect in Hitler's Nazi . This led to a significant German Army failure at the Battle of Prokhorovka, a major turning point on the Eastern Front against the Soviet Red Army. [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. Its aim was to ensure the preservation and growth of fighter aircraft production. [95], Losses of territory and a dramatic expansion of the Allied strategic bombing campaign caused the collapse of the German economy from late 1944. 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